Homeowner’s Guide to the 2025 HVAC Refrigerant Transition
Transitioning from R410A to R454B/R32 Refrigerants – Harris Air Services Is Ready!
In 2025, HVAC systems will transition to new refrigerants due to regulatory changes in the United States. Harris Air Services is here to answer your frequently asked questions and guide you through the transition.
Why are HVAC systems moving from R410A to R454B and R32 refrigerants?
Regulatory changes driven by environmental concerns are prompting the switch from R410A to lower-global-warming-potential (GWP) refrigerants like R454B and R32.
R410A has a GWP of 2,088, while R454B and R32 have GWPs of 466 and 675, respectively, making them less harmful to the environment. These new refrigerants align with international agreements, such as the Kigali Amendment, aiming to reduce high-GWP refrigerant usage.
What’s the difference between R454B and R32?
R454B and R32 are both low-GWP refrigerants, but they have distinct properties:
- R454B is a blend of R32 and R1234yf, with a slightly lower GWP (466) than R32. It’s often selected for its safety and lower flammability compared to pure R32.
- R32 is a single-component refrigerant with a GWP of 675. It’s efficient but classified as A2L, meaning it has mild flammability.
Both are suitable replacements, but manufacturers may select one based on system compatibility and specific design requirements.
Can R410A systems be retrofitted to use R454B or R32?
No, R410A systems aren’t designed to run on R454B or R32. The differences in operating pressures, lubricants, and flammability ratings make a direct retrofit impractical and potentially unsafe. Instead, replacing the system with equipment specifically designed for R454B or R32 is generally required.
Are R454B and R32 refrigerants safe?
Yes, both R454B and R32 are safe when used in systems designed for them. However, R32 has a mild flammability rating (A2L), which means additional safety precautions may be required during installation, servicing, and in confined spaces. R454B also carries an A2L rating but is slightly less flammable than R32.
Proper training and adherence to handling protocols reduce the risks associated with these refrigerants. Harris Air Services employees have completed training for both new refrigerants and best installation practices.
Will R454B or R32 systems be as efficient as R410A?
Yes, both R454B and R32 systems are designed to match or even exceed the efficiency of R410A systems. However, efficiency also depends on system design and operating conditions.
What are the implications for installation and maintenance?
There are several key considerations:
- Training: Technicians may need additional training to safely handle A2L refrigerants and understand the systems designed for them. We’re proud to say all Harris Air technicians have been factory-trained. Again, we’re ready!
- Leak detection: Due to flammability risks, leak detection is crucial for both refrigerants. New systems will require advanced leak detection equipment.
- Tools and equipment: Special tools and equipment rated for A2L refrigerants may be necessary.
- Ventilation: In confined areas, ensuring proper ventilation is essential due to the mild flammability of both R454B and R32.
How will regulatory changes impact the cost of refrigerants and equipment?
Due to the phaseout of R410A and the introduction of lower-GWP refrigerants, there may be price increases for both refrigerants and HVAC equipment:
- R410A costs are likely to rise as supplies decrease over time and regulations limit production.
- New systems for R454B and R32 will initially be more expensive due to manufacturing costs, regulatory compliance, and additional safety features. As of January 1st, 2025, the industry expects an increase of 15-30% in installation costs.
Will R410A be phased out completely?
Yes, in many regions, R410A will be phased out over time. However, existing R410A systems will continue to be supported for maintenance and repair purposes for the lifespan of the HVAC system. There’s no reason to worry about the future of your current or new R410A system.
What are the costs associated with switching from R410A to R454B or R32?
Upgrading to R454B or R32 systems involves the cost of new equipment, as retrofitting isn’t feasible. The overall cost includes system replacement, potential installation adjustments, and any additional tools or training required for the new refrigerants. Manufacturers are informing contractors to expect the consumer to face an average of 15-30% higher installation costs.
How does the transition to R454B/R32 affect the environment?
The lower GWP of R454B and R32 refrigerants directly reduces the environmental impact associated with refrigerant leaks and emissions. These refrigerants help HVAC systems align with sustainability goals and contribute to reducing greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.
If you have additional questions, please contact the HVAC experts at Harris Air Services today.
